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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants are the most commonly prescribed medication for ADHD and can increase and regulate levels of brain chemicals. They do not treat the disorder, but rather manage symptoms if taken regularly. The side effects of ADHD medication may include changes in heart rate and blood pressure, upset stomach as well as anxiety and tics. Some children and teenagers who take stimulant medications have a slight decrease in their growth rate. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is a central nerve stimulant is the most well-known drug used to treat ADHD. It is available in a variety of forms, including a liquid chewable tablet, an orally disintegrating tablet, which acts long and has an extended release. The drug increases the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, which help to improve concentration. It can also help reduce the symptoms of anxiety and depression. When used in conjunction with other treatments such as behavioral therapy, methylphenidate can be an effective treatment for ADHD. Methylphenidate blocks the transporters that normally remove these neurotransmitters from the brain. The drug can cause a slight increase in blood pressure or heart rate. It can also cause rapid changes in blood sugar levels, so people with diabetes should be aware when taking this medication. Talk to your doctor when you have any of these symptoms. Methylphenidate is also known to cause a condition known as Raynaud's phenomena that causes numbness as well as pain in the toes and fingers. This is a rare, but serious side effect. It is essential to notify your doctor in the event that these symptoms occur. There is some concerns that methylphenidate can slow the growth of children, but it hasn't been proved to be the case. If your child is taking methylphenidate, be sure to keep an eye on their weight and height. If your child is taking a methylphenidate tablet, the phenylalanine in it can be dangerous for children suffering from Phenylketonuria. Consult your physician about a different methylphenidate formula if you have PKU. Stimulants are considered the first-choice treatment for ADHD, but certain people are not able to use these medications. In these instances doctors might prescribe other drugs that function in a similar way. There are also other stimulants, such as dexamfetamine or lisdexamfetamine, besides methylphenidate. These drugs are a little stronger than methylphenidate and can last longer. They are usually taken every day, either twice or three times However, some people might be able take them more often. There are also psychological treatments for ADHD however they are less effective than stimulants. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine is also known as Strattera and is a nonstimulant ADHD drug that boosts concentration while reducing hyperactivity and impulsiveness. It belongs to a class called selective norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitors. It is a drug that increases levels of norepinephrine and dopamine, two chemical messengers which regulate brain activity. It is a popular option for adults and children who want a different type of medication than stimulants such as Adderall and Vyvanse. It is important to remember that atomoxetine doesn't work instantly and it could take up to 6 weeks for the effects of the drug to be apparent. There are also side effects such as nausea and drowsiness. However the benefits of atomoxetine outweigh the risks for most patients. In a double-blind placebo controlled study that was conducted on 297 ADHD patients between the ages of 12 and 18, the effectiveness of atomoxetine is confirmed. The participants were randomly assigned to receive atomoxetine, a daily dose of 0.6 mg per kilogram or 1.2 mg/kg or a placebo over 9 weeks. In both the atomoxetine and placebo groups depression symptoms were reduced. The atomoxetine group saw more improvement in ADHD symptoms than the placebo group. The improvement was modest. In a follow-up open trial in a second open trial, 10 ADHD patients who did not respond to stimulants received the treatment of atomoxetine for eight weeks. The group treated with atomoxetine showed improvement in ADHD symptoms when compared to placebo, with scores on the Conners Adult ADHD Scale Investigator Rated screening version and the Clinical Global Impression of Severity scales increasing significantly. However, one patient experienced a rash and withdrew from the study. Three patients also reported transient stomach symptoms, and one noticed an increase in fatigue. Consult your physician before you start treatment with atomoxetine regarding your medical history, which includes any medications or supplements you take. This includes herbal remedies as well as over-the-counter medicines. Tell your doctor if any of the following conditions occur such as narrow-angle glaucoma, a thyroid or adrenal gland tumor; high blood pressure; heart disease or a history sudden death. Avoid the use of atomoxetine when you've been taking an MAO-inhibitor like isocarboxazid or linezolid in the last 14 days or rasagiline Methylene Blue Injection phenelzine, or tranylcypromine. Bupropion Bupropion is a nonstimulant that can improve the symptoms of ADHD. It also helps reduce the amount of impulsivity and improve focus. However, it does not affect the brain the same way that stimulants do. It's available by prescription only. Your doctor will determine the most appropriate dosage for you. Bupropion comes in tablets as well as extended-release capsules. It is crucial to follow the directions. You might experience withdrawal symptoms in the event that you stop abruptly. It's usually taken twice or three times daily with 4-6 hours between each dose. The dosage can vary between 100 mg two or three times per day up to 150 mg three or four times a day. The drug is taken up by the digestive system and excreted in urine. It cannot enter breast milk. However, it can enter the bloodstream and cause damage to other organs. Bupropion raises blood pressure. It is important to check it frequently. In addition to helping improve the symptoms of ADHD, bupropion can also reduce depression. It can also be used to treat bipolar disorder. It works by blocking dopamine receptors in your brain. This prevents the neurotransmitter dopamine from entering your brain, which can help stabilize mood. Bupropion may interact with other medications. Tell your doctor if taking any other medication. It's essential to let your doctor know if suffer from any allergies. You should also stay clear of caffeine and other stimulants, as they could make the adverse effects more severe. In a number of studies the bupropion drug was compared with placebos for adults suffering from ADHD. The results of these studies were mixed, and the majority of them were not well-designed. Many of these studies excluded people with psychiatric disorders co-morbidity. However, the evidence suggests that bupropion may have a small effect on ADHD. However adhd medication online is necessary to conduct more research to identify positive outcomes for patients like improvements in quality of life. Additionally, a more precise understanding of the molecular subtypes of ADHD is needed before effective treatment can be created. This includes a better understanding of the relation between the various molecular pathways. It's also important to understand how anti-ADHD drugs work in conjunction with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants When the stimulants prescribed to children suffering from ADHD do not work or cause undesirable side effects, doctors may consider antidepressants as a treatment. These medications, such as imipramine and Nortriptyline (Aventyl and Pamelor) are able to increase the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, which helps people focus. These are old drugs that may have a number of side effects, so they're usually only used when other drugs have failed. The first choice of antidepressants for depression is typically a selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) such as fluoxetine, sertraline, citalopram or escitalopram. Tricyclic antidepressants are still used in certain instances despite their long history. These medications are effective in treating pain caused by neuropathic or other however their antidepressant effect is not the same. They potentiate the noradrenephrine receptor, by preventing its reuptake. They also function as descending modulators for pain pathways in spinal cord. SSRIs are less toxic and have less adverse effects than tricyclic antidepressants. In addition, they're safer during pregnancy and don't appear to be teratogenic in humans or animals. However, they can cause significant withdrawal symptoms if they are stopped abruptly. To minimize these side effects, your doctor may suggest reducing your dose gradually over a period of time. Although it isn't officially recognized by the FDA as an adhd medication bupropion is commonly prescribed antidepressant off-label to treat ADHD. It is believed to be effective by increasing the neurotransmitters norepinephrine, dopamine and acetylcholine that are found in the brain to improve concentration. It also helps relieve stress and anxiety. It can be paired with stimulants to achieve faster and longer-lasting results. There are no FDA-approved non-stimulant ADHD medication, however many people find relief from herbal remedies and dietary supplements. A diet that is low in fat and sugar can help reduce ADHD symptoms. Some people may also benefit by avoiding caffeine. Tell your doctor all medications you or your child take such as herbal remedies and prescription medications. This will minimize unwanted side effects as well as prevent interactions. ADHD medications can affect people differently. It could take a bit of trial and error before you determine the best dosage and drug for your child or yourself.